docs/us_elections/elections_house_county_year

elections_house_county_year

U.S. House of Representatives election results by county. MIT Election Lab county-level returns covering candidate vote totals and two-party shares. Pending data load.

tier aadmin_recordelectionsmithousecongressionalvote_sharemidtermdistrict
grain
county-year
years
2018 – 2024
cadence
Biennial (released ~6-12 months after general election)
overview

overview

All 3,153 US counties with US House election results. Some counties span multiple congressional districts and are reported per-district.

current vintage — 2024 general election

history — MIT Election Lab county returns: 1976 to present

provenance

source & licensing

authority
MIT Election Data and Science Lab
dataset
MIT Election Lab County-Level US House Returns
license
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
citation
MIT Election Data and Science Lab. County-Level U.S. House Election Returns, 2018-2024.
schema

fields

nametypedefinition
_ingested_attimestampTimestamp when this record was written to BigQuery.Pipeline metadata field.
_ingestor_versionstringVersion of the ingestor script that produced this record.Pipeline metadata field.
_reliability_tierstringData quality tier (A/B/C) assigned at ingestion.Pipeline metadata field.
_source_dataset_idstringInternal dataset identifier linking to meta.datasets.Pipeline metadata field.
country_idstringISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables).
county_idkeystring5-character FIPS code identifying the county.Joins dim.counties on county_id.
dem_share_two_party_pctfloat64 · percent (0–100)Democratic share of the two-party vote, calculated as dem_votes / (dem_votes + rep_votes) × 100. Higher values indicate a stronger Democratic performance relative to the Republican candidate.
dem_votesfloat64 · countTotal votes cast for the Democratic candidate in the U.S. House race for a given county and year. Higher values indicate greater Democratic vote volume.
rep_share_two_party_pctfloat64 · percent (0–100)Republican share of the two-party vote, calculated as rep_votes / (dem_votes + rep_votes) × 100. Higher values indicate a stronger Republican performance relative to the Democratic candidate.
rep_votesfloat64 · countTotal votes cast for the Republican candidate in the U.S. House race for a given county and year. Higher values indicate greater Republican vote volume.
state_idstring2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Joins dim.states on state_id.
total_votesfloat64 · countTotal votes cast across all candidates in the U.S. House race for a given county and year. Higher values indicate greater overall voter turnout.
yearkeyint64Reference year of the observation.
relationships

joins

primary key
county_id, year
common joins
dim.geographies on county_id
elections_presidential_county_year on (county_id, year)
elections_scorecard_county on county_id
usage

how to use this table

method

County-level vote totals harmonized from state SOS reports. House results reported per (county x district x candidate x year).

do not use for

Precinct-level analysis (use MIT precinct data separately); special elections (general only).

known issues

Multi-district counties: votes are summed across all districts within county, which obscures district-level competitiveness. Off-year special elections excluded.

last updated · May 5, 2026