health_disability_county_year
Disability prevalence and type by county. ACS S1810 any-disability rate combined with CDC PLACES cognitive/ambulatory breakdown and SSA OASDI disability beneficiary share.
tier bsample_estimate
overview
overview
All 3,222 counties. ACS B18101-B18107 disability estimates.
current vintage — ACS 2020-2024; SSDI 2024
history — ACS disability tables: 2009-present; SSDI county data: 2003-present
provenance
source & licensing
authority
U.S. Census Bureau|U.S. Social Security Administration
dataset
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates B18101 + SSA SSDI Beneficiary Data
source url
license
Public domain (U.S. Federal Government work)
citation
U.S. Census Bureau. ACS 5-Year Estimates 2020-2024, Tables B18101-B18107; U.S. Social Security Administration. SSDI Beneficiary County Data.
schema
fields
| name | type | definition |
|---|---|---|
| aged_65_plus_beneficiaries | int64 · count | Number of Social Security beneficiaries aged 65 and older in the county, primarily comprising retired workers and their spouses receiving old-age benefits. |
| country_id | string | ISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables). |
| county_idkey | string | 5-character FIPS code identifying the county.Joins dim.counties on county_id. |
| disability_count | float64 · count | Estimated number of civilians with any disability in the county. Derived from the ACS disability universe population and the any-disability prevalence rate. |
| disability_universe_pop | float64 · count | Civilian noninstitutionalized population used as the denominator for ACS disability prevalence estimates. This is the population for whom disability status was determined. |
| disabled_workers | int64 · count | Number of Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) disabled-worker beneficiaries receiving monthly payments in the county. Higher values indicate a larger SSDI-enrolled workforce population. |
| pct_age_65_plus | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the total county population aged 65 and older. Higher values indicate an older age structure, which is associated with greater disability prevalence and Social Security reliance. |
| pct_any_disability | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population reporting at least one of the six ACS disability types (cognitive, ambulatory, self-care, independent living, hearing, or vision). Higher values indicate a greater prevalence of disability in the county population. |
| pct_cognitive_disability | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the disability universe population reporting serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions due to a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Higher values indicate greater prevalence of cognitive disability. |
| pct_hearing_disability | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the disability universe population reporting deafness or serious difficulty hearing. Higher values indicate greater prevalence of hearing impairment in the county. |
| pct_independent_living_disability | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the disability universe population (ages 18+) reporting difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor or shopping. Higher values indicate greater prevalence of independent-living limitations. |
| pct_mobility_disability | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the disability universe population reporting serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs. Higher values indicate greater prevalence of ambulatory or mobility impairment. |
| pct_selfcare_disability | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the disability universe population reporting difficulty bathing or dressing. Higher values indicate greater prevalence of self-care limitations. |
| pct_vision_disability | float64 · percent (0–100) | Percentage of the disability universe population reporting blindness or serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses. Higher values indicate greater prevalence of vision impairment. |
| pop_65_plus | float64 · count | Estimated number of county residents aged 65 and older. Higher values indicate a larger older adult population, which correlates with higher disability and Social Security enrollment rates. |
| retired_workers | int64 · count | Number of Social Security retired-worker beneficiaries receiving monthly old-age insurance payments in the county. |
| ssdi_per_1k_working_age_proxy | float64 · rate per 1,000 | SSDI disabled-worker beneficiary count per 1,000 working-age residents, approximated using the total or non-elderly population as a proxy denominator. Higher values indicate greater disability-insurance enrollment relative to the working-age population. |
| state_id | string | 2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Joins dim.states on state_id. |
| total_beneficiaries | int64 · count | Total number of Social Security beneficiaries in the county across all beneficiary categories, including retired workers, disabled workers, survivors, and dependents. |
| total_population | float64 · count | Total estimated resident population of the county, typically sourced from ACS or Census Bureau population estimates. Used as a general denominator for per-capita calculations. |
| yearkey | int64 | Reference year of the observation. |
relationships
joins
primary key
county_id, year
common joins
dim.geographies on county_id
demographics_population_county_year on (county_id, year)
economy_employment_levels_county_year on (county_id, year)
usage
how to use this table
method
ACS 6-question disability classification (hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory, self-care, independent living). SSDI beneficiaries from SSA county-level summaries; per-1k-workforce-proxy uses LAUS labor force.
do not use for
Sub-county tract analysis; specific impairments beyond ACS 6-question scheme; Workers' Comp (different system).
known issues
ACS disability is self-reported and the 6-question battery has known undercounts. SSDI county data has occasional small-county suppression.
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last updated · May 5, 2026