docs/us_energy/energy_generation_state

energy_generation_state

Plant-level electricity generation and fuel consumption from EIA Form 923, at state grain. One row per plant × prime_mover × fuel_type × year (2013–2026). EIA-923 does not carry county; join to energy_generators_county on plant_code to get county-level generation.

tier —admin_recordenergyeiaeia_923generationmwhstatefuel_type
grain
state
years
2013 – 2026
cadence
Monthly preliminary; annual final
overview

overview

186,152 plant-prime-fuel-year rows. State-grain because EIA-923 does not carry county directly.

current vintage — 2024 final + 2025 monthly + 2026 partial

history — EIA-923: 2008-present in source

provenance

source & licensing

authority
U.S. Energy Information Administration
dataset
Power Plant Operations Report (EIA-923)
license
citation
U.S. Energy Information Administration. Form EIA-923 - state-grain generation, 2013-2026.
schema

fields

nametypedefinition
balancing_authority_codestringEIA code identifying the balancing authority responsible for maintaining the real-time balance of electricity supply and demand in the grid region where the plant operates.
country_idstringISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables).
elec_fuel_mmbtufloat64 · million British thermal units (MMBtu)Fuel energy consumed specifically for electricity generation, excluding any fuel used for non-electric heat or steam applications. Always less than or equal to total_fuel_mmbtu for combined heat and power plants.
fuel_typekeystringAER fuel type classification code identifying the primary energy source consumed by the plant (e.g., NG = natural gas, COL = coal, SUN = solar).
naics_codestringNorth American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code describing the operator's primary industry sector.Joins dim.naics_codes on naics_code.
net_generation_mwhfloat64 · megawatt-hoursAnnual net electricity generation, equal to gross generation minus electricity consumed by the plant itself for station use. Higher values indicate greater electricity output delivered to the grid.
operator_idstringEIA-assigned identifier for the entity responsible for operating the plant.
operator_namestringLegal name of the plant operator as reported to EIA.
plant_codekeyint64EIA-assigned numeric identifier for the power plant. Matches plant_code in energy_generators_county for cross-table joins.Joins dim.plants on plant_code.
plant_namestringName of the power plant as reported to EIA by the operator.
prime_moverkeystringEIA code identifying the mechanical device that drives the generator (e.g., ST = steam turbine, GT = combustion turbine, PV = photovoltaic, WT = wind turbine).
sector_namestringEIA utility sector classification (e.g., Electric Utility, Independent Power Producer) describing the operator's regulatory and market role.
statestringTwo-letter USPS abbreviation for the state in which the plant is located.
state_idstring2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Joins dim.states on state_id.
total_fuel_mmbtufloat64 · million British thermal units (MMBtu)Total fuel energy consumed across all end uses — including both electricity generation and direct heat production — expressed in MMBtu. Higher values indicate greater total energy input to the plant.
total_fuel_quantityfloat64 · original reported units (tons, Mcf, or barrels)Physical quantity of fuel consumed, reported in the unit native to the fuel type — short tons for coal and biomass, thousand cubic feet (Mcf) for natural gas, and barrels for petroleum products. Compare across plants only after converting to a common energy unit such as MMBtu.
yearkeyint64Reference year of the observation.
relationships

joins

primary key
plant_code, prime_mover, fuel_type, year
common joins
energy_generators_county on plant_code
energy_scorecard_county_year on (plant_code -> county_id, year)
usage

how to use this table

method

Plant-level EIA-923 generation aggregated to plant x prime_mover x fuel x year. State assignment from plant location field.

do not use for

County-direct queries (join to energy_generators_county on plant_code); end-use sectoral consumption.

known issues

Same EIA-923 caveats. State grain limits county-level analysis.

last updated · May 5, 2026