docs/us_health/health_mortality_despair_county_year

health_mortality_despair_county_year

Deaths of despair drill-down: drug overdose, suicide, and alcohol-induced mortality from CHR 2025 and CDC WONDER. Opioid dispensing rate (IQVIA, most recent year) added as supply-side proxy. deaths_of_despair_per_100k computed as sum of three crude rates.

tier badmin_recordhealthdespairoverdosesuicidealcoholopioidmortalitychrwonder
grain
county-year
years
2024 – 2025
cadence
Annual
overview

overview

3,144 counties (with suppression on individual components).

current vintage — CHR 2025; CDC WONDER 2018-2024 pooled; opioid dispensing 2023

history — CHR 2010-present; WONDER 1999-present

provenance

source & licensing

authority
U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|UWPHI
dataset
CDC WONDER (alcohol, overdose) + CDC Opioid Dispensing Data + County Health Rankings 2025
license
Public domain (CDC); Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CHR)
citation
CDC WONDER multiple cause of death (alcohol, overdose) + CDC Opioid Dispensing Surveillance + County Health Rankings 2025.
schema

fields

nametypedefinition
alcohol_deaths_pooledint64 · countTotal count of alcohol-related deaths pooled across multiple years to produce stable estimates for small-population counties. Used as the numerator underlying alcohol mortality rate calculations.
alcohol_mortality_ci_lowerfloat64 · rate per 100kLower bound of the 95% confidence interval for the alcohol mortality rate per 100,000 population. Values closer to the point estimate indicate greater statistical precision.
alcohol_mortality_ci_upperfloat64 · rate per 100kUpper bound of the 95% confidence interval for the alcohol mortality rate per 100,000 population. A wide interval relative to the point estimate indicates lower statistical precision, often due to small county population.
alcohol_mortality_per_100kfloat64 · rate per 100kAge-adjusted mortality rate from alcohol-related causes per 100,000 population. Higher values indicate greater burden of alcohol-attributable deaths in the county.
country_idstringISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables).
county_idkeystring5-character FIPS code identifying the county.Joins dim.counties on county_id.
deaths_of_despair_per_100kfloat64 · rate per 100kCombined age-adjusted mortality rate from drug overdose, suicide, and alcohol-related causes per 100,000 population, following the Case-Deaton deaths of despair framework. Higher values indicate greater combined burden of despair-related mortality.
drug_overdose_deaths_per_100kfloat64 · rate per 100kAge-adjusted mortality rate from drug overdose deaths per 100,000 population. Higher values indicate greater burden of drug overdose mortality in the county.
opioid_dispensing_ratefloat64 · rate per 100kNumber of opioid prescriptions dispensed per 100,000 population in the county. Higher values indicate greater volume of opioid prescribing relative to the local population.
opioid_rate_bandstringCategorical classification of the opioid dispensing rate into ordinal bands (e.g., low, medium, high) as defined by the source methodology. Provides a standardized label for comparing counties across rate tiers.
opioid_yearint64 · yearsThe calendar year to which the opioid dispensing rate applies. May differ from the primary row year if opioid data is sourced at a different vintage than other mortality measures.
state_idstring2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Joins dim.states on state_id.
suicide_deaths_per_100kfloat64 · rate per 100kAge-adjusted mortality rate from suicide per 100,000 population. Higher values indicate greater burden of suicide mortality in the county.
yearkeyint64Reference year of the observation.
relationships

joins

primary key
county_id, year
common joins
dim.geographies on county_id
health_mortality_overall_county_year on (county_id, year)
health_substance_use_county_year on (county_id, year)
usage

how to use this table

method

Deaths of despair = drug overdose + suicide + alcohol-induced, summed as crude rates. Drug overdose and suicide from CHR (CDC WONDER underlying, ICD-10 X40-X44 + Y10-Y14, X60-X84). Alcohol-induced from CDC WONDER pooled 2018-2024 (ICD-10 alcohol codes). Opioid dispensing rate from CDC IQVIA-derived surveillance.

do not use for

Single-cause attribution claims (the despair composite is contested in literature); small-county year-on-year change (high noise + suppression); current-year tracking (1-2 year lag).

known issues

Deaths-of-despair composite includes alcohol-induced in v1.1+; v1 omitted. CHR rates are crude (not age-adjusted) for overdose and suicide.

last updated · May 5, 2026