docs/us_economy/economy_employment_levels_county_year

economy_employment_levels_county_year

QCEW county-total employment and wages joined with LAUS labor force (C1). Tier A (QCEW) / Tier C (LAUS fields). History 1990-present.

tier aadmin_recordeconomyblsqcewlausemploymentunemploymentwageslabor_force
grain
county-year
years
2024
cadence
Quarterly (QCEW); monthly (LAUS); annual averages typically finalized 9-12 months after year end
overview

overview

3,221 counties x ~35 years. QCEW is a near-census of employer reports under unemployment insurance - covers ~95% of all wage and salary employment. LAUS labor force is modeled.

current vintage — 2024 annual averages

history — QCEW: 1990 to present (NAICS-based from 2001; SIC prior); LAUS: 1976 to present

provenance

source & licensing

authority
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
dataset
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) + Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS)
license
Public domain (U.S. Federal Government work)
citation
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), 1990-2024 + Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS).
schema

fields

nametypedefinition
average_annual_payint64 · dollars (nominal)Average annual pay per covered job, computed as total annual wages divided by average monthly employment. Higher values indicate greater per-job compensation.
average_weekly_wageint64 · dollars (nominal)Average weekly wage per covered job, derived from QCEW quarterly wage totals divided by the number of weeks in the period. Higher values indicate greater weekly earning levels.
country_idkeystringISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables).Part of primary key.
county_idkeystring5-character FIPS code identifying the county.Part of primary key. Joins dim.counties on county_id.
employedint64 · countNumber of civilian residents estimated to be employed, sourced from BLS LAUS. Unlike QCEW total_employment, this is a residence-based measure and excludes multiple job-holding. Higher values indicate greater labor market absorption.
labor_forceint64 · countCivilian labor force estimate for the county from BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS), representing the sum of employed and unemployed residents. Higher values indicate a larger working-age resident population actively participating in the labor market.
state_idkeystring2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Part of primary key. Joins dim.states on state_id.
total_annual_wages_thousandsint64Total annual wages in thousands of dollars (BLS QCEW source is in dollars; divided by 1000).
total_employmentint64 · countTotal number of jobs covered by unemployment insurance in the county for the year, sourced from BLS QCEW. Includes both full-time and part-time jobs; a worker holding multiple jobs is counted multiple times. Higher values indicate greater employment volume.
unemployedint64 · countNumber of civilian residents estimated to be unemployed (actively seeking work), sourced from BLS LAUS. Computed as labor_force minus employed. Higher values indicate weaker local labor market conditions.
yearkeyint64Reference year of the observation.Part of primary key.
relationships

joins

primary key
county_id, state_id, country_id, year
common joins
dim.geographies on county_id
economy_industry_employment_county_year_naics on (county_id, year)
demographics_population_county_year on (county_id, year)
usage

how to use this table

method

QCEW counts employees from state UI tax records, summed across employers in county. LAUS uses CPS state-level estimates plus claims data and CES employment to produce monthly modeled county labor force, employment, and unemployment.

do not use for

Self-employment (QCEW excludes most self-employed); federal civilian and military counts (separate data); single-month change in small counties (LAUS modeling is volatile <50k labor force).

known issues

QCEW suppresses small cells. LAUS revisions: each March, BLS revises prior year. Tier mismatch: QCEW is Tier A administrative, LAUS is Tier C model - do not pool fields naively.

last updated · Jul 7, 2026