health_access_capacity_county_year
Healthcare provider supply and capacity by county. HRSA Area Health Resources File (AHRF) 2025: primary care physicians, specialists, hospital beds, and dentists per 100k.
overview
All 3,144 US counties. HRSA AHRF provides comprehensive provider supply.
current vintage — AHRF 2024-2025
history — AHRF: 1980s to present; specific provider counts vary by year
source & licensing
fields
| name | type | definition |
|---|---|---|
| _ingested_at | timestamp | Timestamp when this record was written to BigQuery.Pipeline metadata field. |
| _reliability_tier | string | Data quality tier (A/B/C) assigned at ingestion.Pipeline metadata field. |
| country_id | string | ISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables). |
| county_idkey | string | 5-character FIPS code identifying the county.Joins dim.counties on county_id. |
| dentist_count | int64 · count | Total number of active dentists in the county, sourced from the Area Health Resources Files (AHRF). Higher values indicate greater dental care supply. |
| dentists_per_100k | float64 · rate per 100k | Number of active dentists per 100,000 county residents, calculated as (dentist_count / population_ahrf) × 100,000. Higher values indicate better dental care access relative to population size. |
| pcp_count | int64 · count | Total number of active primary care physicians in the county, sourced from the Area Health Resources Files (AHRF). Higher values indicate greater primary care supply. |
| population_ahrf | int64 · count | Total resident population of the county as reported in the Area Health Resources Files (AHRF), used as the denominator for per-capita provider rate calculations. |
| primary_care_physicians_per_100k | float64 · rate per 100k | Number of active primary care physicians per 100,000 county residents, calculated as (pcp_count / population_ahrf) × 100,000. Higher values indicate better primary care access relative to population size. |
| psychiatrist_count | int64 · count | Total number of active psychiatrists in the county, sourced from the Area Health Resources Files (AHRF). Higher values indicate greater behavioral health provider supply. |
| psychiatrists_per_100k | float64 · rate per 100k | Number of active psychiatrists per 100,000 county residents, calculated as (psychiatrist_count / population_ahrf) × 100,000. Higher values indicate better behavioral health provider access relative to population size. |
| state_id | string | 2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Joins dim.states on state_id. |
| yearkey | int64 | Reference year of the observation. |
joins
how to use this table
AHRF aggregates county-level health workforce data from AMA Masterfile (physicians), ADA (dentists), and other sources. Per-100k rates use Census population denominators.
Practicing-vs-licensed distinctions (AHRF counts active patient-care physicians but data lag practice changes); telehealth providers serving county from elsewhere; sub-specialty granularity beyond major categories.
Provider data has 1-2 year lag from AMA Masterfile. Physicians in HPSAs (shortage areas) systematically undercounted.