energy_scorecard_county_year
County-year energy scorecard combining EIA-860 generator capacity and EIA-923 generation totals. One row per county per year (2013–2024). Capacity columns from EIA-860; generation columns resolved to county via plant_code join. Plants unresolved to county (~1.2%) are excluded from generation totals.
tier —composite_index
overview
overview
23,790 county-year rows. ~3,144 counties x 12 years (some county-years have no generators).
current vintage — Final 2024
history — 2013-present in pipeline
provenance
source & licensing
authority
U.S. Energy Information Administration
dataset
Annual Electric Generator Report (EIA-860); Power Plant Operations Report (EIA-923)
source url
license
—
citation
U.S. Energy Information Administration. Form EIA-860 + Form EIA-923, county-year scorecard, 2013-2024.
schema
fields
| name | type | definition |
|---|---|---|
| capacity_mw_biomass | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of biomass generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater biomass-based generation infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_coal | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of coal generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater reliance on coal generation infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_gas | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of natural gas generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater reliance on natural gas generation infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_geothermal | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of geothermal generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater geothermal power infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_hydro | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of hydroelectric generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater hydroelectric power infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_nuclear | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of nuclear generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater nuclear power infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_oil | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of oil-fired generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater reliance on oil generation infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_planned | float64 · megawatts | Total nameplate capacity of generators that are planned but not yet operating in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater near-term generation expansion. |
| capacity_mw_solar | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of solar generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater installed solar power infrastructure. |
| capacity_mw_storage | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of battery storage systems in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater grid-scale energy storage deployment. |
| capacity_mw_total | float64 · megawatts | Sum of operating nameplate capacity across all fuel types in the county, in MW. Equals the sum of all fuel-specific capacity_mw_* columns. |
| capacity_mw_wind | float64 · megawatts | Total operating nameplate capacity of wind generators in the county, in MW. Higher values indicate greater installed wind power infrastructure. |
| country_id | string | ISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables). |
| county_idkey | string | 5-character FIPS code identifying the county.Joins dim.counties on county_id. |
| fossil_capacity_share | float64 · share (0–1) | Fraction of total nameplate capacity derived from fossil fuel sources, calculated as (capacity_mw_gas + capacity_mw_coal + capacity_mw_oil) / capacity_mw_total. Higher values indicate greater dependence on fossil fuel infrastructure. |
| fossil_generation_share | float64 · share (0–1) | Fraction of total annual net generation produced by fossil fuel sources (gas, coal, oil). Higher values indicate greater dependence on fossil fuels for actual electricity output. |
| gen_mwh_biomass | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from biomass sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater biomass contribution to the local generation mix. |
| gen_mwh_coal | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from coal sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater reliance on coal for actual generation. |
| gen_mwh_gas | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from natural gas sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater reliance on gas for actual generation. |
| gen_mwh_geothermal | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from geothermal sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater geothermal contribution to the local generation mix. |
| gen_mwh_hydro | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from hydroelectric sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater hydroelectric contribution to the local generation mix. |
| gen_mwh_nuclear | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from nuclear sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater nuclear contribution to the local generation mix. |
| gen_mwh_oil | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from oil-fired sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater reliance on oil for actual generation. |
| gen_mwh_solar | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from solar sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater realized solar output. |
| gen_mwh_total | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation across all fuel types in the county, in MWh. Equals the sum of all fuel-specific gen_mwh_* columns. |
| gen_mwh_wind | float64 · megawatt-hours | Annual net electricity generation from wind sources in the county, in MWh. Higher values indicate greater realized wind output. |
| generator_count_operating | int64 · count | Number of distinct operating generator units located in the county. Exceeds plant_count_operating when plants contain multiple generating units. |
| plant_count_operating | int64 · count | Number of distinct operating power plants located in the county. Higher values indicate a more distributed generation footprint. |
| renewable_capacity_share | float64 · share (0–1) | Fraction of total nameplate capacity derived from renewable sources, calculated as (capacity_mw_solar + capacity_mw_wind + capacity_mw_hydro + capacity_mw_biomass + capacity_mw_geothermal) / capacity_mw_total. Higher values indicate a cleaner installed generation mix. |
| renewable_generation_share | float64 · share (0–1) | Fraction of total annual net generation produced by renewable sources (solar, wind, hydro, biomass, geothermal). Higher values indicate a cleaner realized generation mix. |
| state_id | string | 2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Joins dim.states on state_id. |
| total_fuel_mmbtu | float64 · million BTU | Total thermal energy content of fuel consumed by all county plants in a year, in million BTU. Higher values indicate greater overall fuel consumption, irrespective of generation efficiency. |
| yearkey | int64 | Reference year of the observation. |
relationships
joins
primary key
county_id, year
common joins
dim.geographies on county_id
energy_generators_county on (county_id, year)
demographics_population_county_year for per-capita
usage
how to use this table
method
Joins EIA-860 county-resolved capacity to EIA-923 generation via plant_code. Aggregates: total nameplate capacity by fuel, total generation by fuel, capacity factors. ~1.2% of plant-years excluded due to unresolved counties.
do not use for
Sub-county siting; transmission/distribution analysis; behind-the-meter; emissions (use EPA eGRID separately).
known issues
~1.2% of plants unresolved to county and excluded. Mixed vintages within a single year (preliminary 923 + final 860).
last updated · May 5, 2026