docs/us_demographics/demographics_age_sex_race_county_year

demographics_age_sex_race_county_year

ACS 5-year 2024 age structure (B01001) with race stubs (A2). Tier A-. pct_age_65_plus, median_age, pop_65_plus loaded. Full race/sex breakdown blocked on PEP charagegroups and Decennial 2020 DHC.

tier —sample_estimatedemographicsacsagesexraceethnicitypopulation_structure
grain
county-year
years
2024
cadence
Annual (December release of new 5-year vintage)
overview

overview

All 3,222 US counties + DC + PR municipios. ACS 5-year covers ~99% of counties; suppression in counties with population <65,000 widens MOEs.

current vintage — 2020-2024 ACS 5-Year (released December 2025)

history — ACS 5-year releases from 2009-2013 vintage to present (rolling 5-year windows)

provenance

source & licensing

authority
U.S. Census Bureau
dataset
American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
license
citation
U.S. Census Bureau. ACS 5-Year Estimates, Table B01001 (age by sex), 2020-2024.
schema

fields

nametypedefinition
country_idstringISO alpha-2 country code (always 'US' for domestic tables).
county_idkeystring5-character FIPS code identifying the county.Joins dim.counties on county_id.
county_namestringHuman-readable county name corresponding to county_id.
median_agefloat64 · yearsMedian age of the county's resident population, where half of residents are older and half are younger. Higher values indicate an older population distribution.
pct_18_to_64float64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population aged 18 to 64, representing the primary working-age cohort. Higher values indicate a larger labor-force-age population.
pct_age_65_plusfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population aged 65 and older. Higher values indicate a greater concentration of older adults.
pct_aian_nhfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population identifying as American Indian or Alaska Native alone, non-Hispanic.
pct_asian_nhfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population identifying as Asian alone, non-Hispanic.
pct_black_nhfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population identifying as Black or African American alone, non-Hispanic.
pct_hispanicfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population identifying as Hispanic or Latino of any race.
pct_multiracial_nhfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population identifying as two or more races, non-Hispanic.
pct_nhpi_nhfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population identifying as Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander alone, non-Hispanic.
pct_under_18float64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population under 18 years of age. Higher values indicate a younger, more child-heavy population.
pct_white_nhfloat64 · percent (0–100)Share of the total county population identifying as White alone, non-Hispanic. Higher values indicate less racial and ethnic diversity among residents.
pop_18_to_64int64 · countNumber of residents aged 18 to 64. Higher values indicate a larger working-age population.
pop_65_plusfloat64 · countNumber of residents aged 65 and older. Higher values indicate a larger older adult population.
pop_femaleint64 · countNumber of female residents in the county.
pop_maleint64 · countNumber of male residents in the county.
pop_under_18int64 · countNumber of residents under 18 years of age. Higher values indicate a larger youth population.
racial_diversity_indexfloat64 · index (base year=100)A summary measure of racial and ethnic diversity, typically computed as the probability that two randomly selected residents belong to different racial or ethnic groups (e.g., a Herfindahl-based index). Higher values indicate greater racial and ethnic diversity.
state_idstring2-character FIPS code identifying the state.Joins dim.states on state_id.
total_populationfloat64 · countTotal resident population of the county for the reference year. Higher values indicate more populous counties.
yearkeyint64Reference year of the observation.
relationships

joins

primary key
county_id, year
common joins
dim.geographies on county_id
demographics_population_county_year on (county_id, year)
economy_personal_income_county_year on (county_id, year)
usage

how to use this table

method

ACS sample-based survey; Census weights and aggregates 5 years of monthly responses to county totals. Pipeline extracts pop_65_plus, median_age, pct_age_65_plus from B01001. Race/sex breakdowns are stubs pending Decennial 2020 DHC and PEP charagegroups load.

do not use for

Year-over-year change at small-county grain (5-year overlapping windows); single-year point estimates (use ACS 1-year for counties >65k); race-specific population for counties <20k (high MOE).

known issues

Race/sex columns are stubs (NULL). Full breakdown blocked on Decennial 2020 DHC and PEP charagegroups load.

last updated · May 5, 2026